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Gender
Females are at greater risk for progressive degeneration of the spine as a result of degenerative spondylolisthesis. The ratio of female to male cases can be as high as 3:1 . In addition, black women are three times more likely to be affected than white women. Therefore female patients should be especially aware of the risks of degenerative spondylolisthesis.
Age and Prevalence
Degenerative spondylolisthesis occurs most frequently for the aging population (over forty years of age), usually around the L4 or L5 level. Overall, around 6% of men and 9% of women have some type of spondylolisthesis.
Natural History
The most likely symptoms are low back pain and/or leg pain. The pain can increase with time, especially for degenerative spondylolisthesis, but most times the symptoms wax and wane over time and do not tend to progress.
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