Spinal Fusion with Instrumentation

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Spinal fusion permanently fuses or joins two or more vertebrae.  Bone graft is used in spinal fusion procedures to help the spine fuse.  There are different types of bone graft such as autograft (patient’s own bone), allograft (donor bone), and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP).  Bone graft is packed between spinal instrumentation and spaces where it will grow and heal.

Instrumentation includes implants such as rods, plates, screws, interbody devices, cages, and hooks. Implanted instrumentation immediately stabilizes the spine after surgery, adding strength, and helps to maintain proper alignment while fusion occurs.  Depending on the type of fusion and instrumentation performed, the patient may need to wear a brace after surgery for added support during healing.

When Necessary

Spinal fusion and instrumentation may be performed to treat spinal deformity, fracture, spondylolisthesis, or stabilize the spine after discectomy. Of course, there are other spinal disorders and situations when fusion and instrumentation are needed.

Common surgical procedures that involve spinal fusion and instrumentation include:
 

• Anterior Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF)
• Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (ALIF)
• Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF)
• Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF)

Fusion Success

Sometimes fusion is not always successful.  One reason for failed fusion is cigarette smoking or tobacco use.  Many physicians who perform this procedure will ask smokers to stop tobacco use well in advance of their surgery day and to make smoking cessation a permanent choice for improved health.

Conclusion

Spinal fusion procedures with instrumentation have provided significant relief for many patients with spinal conditions. Not all patients are appropriate candidates for surgery and this option should be carefully considered with the advice of an expert physician.