CT Scan

Printer Friendly Version

Computed tomography (CT) combines x-ray science with computer technology to create clearer anatomical images, such as the spine’s bone, intervertebral discs, and nerve structures.  CT is used to diagnose disc disorders, spinal fracture, infection, tumor, and other problems.

Although radiation levels are closely monitored, CT may expose a patient to significant amounts of radiation. For that reason, the risks and benefits of CT scans should be carefully weighed. Physicians do not routinely order CT scans for all patients although CT images can be of great value.

How it Works

During the scan, the patient lies on a padded table that is part of the CT scanner. The CT scanner is a big machine that looks like a doughnut. During the scan, the patient on the table may be moved into position under the scanner. The CT equipment directs a series of x-rays at specific angles through the body part being examined. These x-ray images are sent to a computer that uses mathematical algorithms to create from these two-dimensional images highly detailed cross-sectional images called tomograms.

CT images can be displayed on a monitor, digitized and stored on computer, or printed out. The CT image provides the physician with a very detailed, three-dimensional picture of soft and hard tissue.

Patient Preparation

CT requires no special physical preparation.  It is not necessary to restrict food or fluids prior to the test, unless a contrast media (dye) is injected.  If contrast is to be used, special pre-test instructions are provided.

Patients typically wear a hospital gown during the CT scan. No jewelry is permitted. Patients are to remain as motionless as possible during the scan. Patients may be covered with a blanket if they feel chilly. The scan may take an hour or more.

Since the CT scanner may cause discomfort for claustrophobic patients, mild sedatives may be available to help the patient relax.  It may be possible for the patient to listen to music during the scan.

The technician performs the test from a room adjacent to the CT area. Throughout the entire test, the technician and patient can communicate.

Conclusion

A CT scan provides a highly detailed, three-dimensional image that can e extremely valuable in diagnosing a variety of spinal conditions. However, not all patients are candidates for CT scans and CT scans must be limited because they expose patients to a degree of radiation. The CT scan is not a painful procedure, but some patients find it uncomfortable, particularly if they dislike being in confined spaces. Mild sedatives can help claustrophobic patients endure a CT scan with reduced anxiety.